Acute Kidney Injury

According to The Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes Acute Kidney Injury (KDIGO AKI) Workgroup definition, what increase in serum creatinine meets the criteria?

≥26.5 micromol/L (≥0.3 mg/dL) within 48 hours

According to The Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes Acute Kidney Injury (KDIGO AKI) Workgroup definition, what increase in serum creatinine above baseline meets the criteria?

≥1.5 times baseline within the last 7 days

According to The Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes Acute Kidney Injury (KDIGO AKI) Workgroup definition, what decrease in urine volume meets the criteria?

<0.5 ml/kg/hour for 6 hours

How many of the 3 criteria of The Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes Acute Kidney Injury (KDIGO AKI) Workgroup definition is required for the definition?

1 out of 3

List the 3 main causes of acute tubular necrosis (ATN)

1) Kidney ischaemia

2) Sepsis

3) Nephrotoxins

List 2 classic urinalysis findings in ATN

1) Muddy brown granular epithelial cell casts

2) Free renal tubular epithelial cells

In contrast induced-AKI how long after iodinated contrast exposure does the serum creatinine start to rise?

24 to 48 hours after contrast exposure

In contrast induced-AKI within what period of time do most patients start to show improvement in their GFR (glomerular filtration rate)?

Within 3 to 7 days

What is the leading cause of acute interstitial nephritis (AIN)?

Drug-induced in 70 to 75%

Is drug-induced AIN dose-dependent?

No

Levels of which white blood cell may be elevated in AIN?

Eosinophils

Which cell type may be found in the urine in AIN?

Eosinophils – eosinophiluria

List 2 lung conditions which may cause AIN

1) Sarcoidosis

2) Tuberculosis